Erich von Manstein

The German World War II general Erich von Manstein is said to have categorized his officers into four types. The first type, he said, is lazy and stupid. His advice was to leave them alone because they don’t do any harm. The second type is hard-working and clever. He said that they make great officers because they ensure everything runs smoothly. The third group is composed of hardworking idiots. Von Manstein claims that you must immediately get rid of these, as they force everyone around them to perform pointless tasks. The fourth category are officers who are lazy and clever. These, he says, should be your generals.

When i read this it made me wonder how can we apply Eric’s categories to business organisations.

for that, i thought of asking you guys about your opinions. Which type of officers are you or your boss is?

feel free to drop your comments.

Plan your dive, Dive your plan

Few years ago, some friends of mine introduced me to Scuba diving.

In order to dive in a safe environment we had to take theoretical lessons and practical ones in the pool before jumping in the sea. Everything was really exciting. One thing though i remember always (besides to breath from the mouth) is what our instructor taught us about a successful dive: “Plan your dive, Dive your plan”.

As simple as it may sound, this is a huge thing to do. Your dive begins way before you touch the water.

It starts in the briefing, where you talk about the location of the dive, its nature, the weather conditions, potential risks, dive in point and exit point. We talk about who’s your buddy (or partner to stay with during the whole dive) and who’s the dive leader / master.  We discuss in details what exactly we are going to do (maybe go inside a ship wreck or just a fun dive). We get a quick reminder of safety issues then we gear up. Bottom line is we Plan it.

During the dive, the dive master would stick to the plan, divers are well aware of what’s coming next so usually no surprises. Keeping an eye and checking constantly with your buddy and dive master makes the whole dive a safe and pleasant one. In some occasions, we face a situation where we need to adjust plans. Sometimes visibility might be poor or the water currents are too strong, divers will quickly adjust and modify where appropriate but always keeping in mind the dive plan.

Once out of the water, a debrief session to discuss and evaluate the whole experience. A very crucial step in our dive cause it will allow us to fix any mistakes, eliminate bad diving habits and help us plan our next dive.

So why am i talking about my diving experience? Simply because it’s like running a project.

Plan your project carefully and execute your plan. You might face issues, modify and adjust then move on. Once done, evaluate, learn and you’ll be better equipped for your next one.

Happy Diving.

The fish baking story

Few days ago, MG sent me couple of short stories demonstrating great business practices.

Here’s one of them: 

A little girl was watching her mother prepare a fish for dinner. Her mother cut the head and tail off the fish and then placed it into a baking pan.

The little girl asked her mother why she cut the head and tail off the fish. Her mother thought for a while and then said, “I’ve always done it that way -  that’s how grandma did it.”

Not satisfied with the answer, the little girl went to visit her grandma to find out why she cut the head and tail off the fish before baking it. Grandma thought for a while and replied,
“I don’t know. My mother always did  it that way.”

So the little girl and the grandma went to visit great grandma to find ask if she knew the answer.
Great grandma thought for a while and said:
“Because my baking pan was too small to fit in the whole fish”.

This short story challenges belief systems and assumptions.
It illustrates pointless routine and the need for questioning.

Map my mind

While surfing the net i discovered some cool mind mapping tools like Personal Brain, Xmind and Freemind.

basically, these software are tools to help us visualise the links between ideas or other pieces of information. They can be used for brainstorming, project management, creating Organisation chart and of course mind mapping. Different tools will give you different ways of processing the data,some of them are more visual like Xmind while others focus on the links and the data entered like Personal Brain.

So if you are in project management, workshops and other related fields, it might be worth your time to check them out.

As a starting point, download the free trials and start mapping.
Xmind
Personal Brain

i’m currently working on mapping my mind, will try to post it soon!

(by soon i mean as soon as i can sort my ideas and deal with my demons).

a cup of coffee

One of the most used examples in project management is “the coffee” one.

3 people working in project management were asked to write down (on a high level) how they would proceed to make a cup of coffee.

Person ‘A’ proposed the following:

  • Buy the kettle, the cups, the milk, the sugar, and the coffee.
  • Ask what kind of coffee is needed (with or without milk, sugar, etc.) 
  • Make the coffee.

Person ‘B’ proposed the following:

  • Check the kitchen and see what we already have (Kettle, milk, coffee, etc.).
  • Ask what kind of coffee is needed and advise if it is possible based on what we find in the kitchen.
  • Make the coffee.

Person ‘C’ proposed the following:

  • Ask what kind of coffee I want.
  • Check the local coffee shop for availability and price.
  • Buy the coffee.

 The end result of all 3 proposals is me having the coffee, but it all comes with complications.

The first one is going for the whole start-up in order to make a cup of coffee. This can be very costly if we do it only for the purpose of one cup. Only chose this solution if you have the money and you are sure more cups will be served later, otherwise you end up losing money.

The second one is going to use what he already has (already paid for) and try to satisfy my needs. If I wanted Skim milk and all he had was normal milk, Person ‘B’ might try to convince me to change my mind and try the other milk. This is a very cost effective way, low risk and usually gets the job done. Worst case might be nuying the skim milk only.

The third person doesn’t have the equipment or the ingredients, so he opted to buy me the coffee form outside. He ‘outsourced’ it so he doesn’t worry much about the equipment and the ingredients. He’s pretty sure as well that the coffee will be good since he’s buying it from a specialised supplier. It’s a great solution for people who need to achieve something outside their field of expertise and a low risk (unless the coffee is really bad).as a stand-alone cup of coffee, this might cost more on the long run.

Bottom line: making a cup of coffee is like working on a project. How would you do it?

Motivation

In this post i thought i’ll share you some of the things i do to help me overcome the boredom and get myself back into the action.
  • Know yourself: As long as i know what I’m facing i feel it’s all under control. The chances are it’s not the first time and wont be the last but identifying it is the first step.
  • Start simple: Easy steps and doing something small could be my start. I find going for a walk around the park give me enough energy to start something else (yeah like cleaning the house or finish a report).
  • Learn something new: The more i learn the more confident i feel and it doesn’t only apply to Project management.
  • Talk to people: I’m lucky enough to be surrounded by some interesting friends. We share some insights and ideas. One thing leads to another and before you know it am motivated to learn how to implement a new idea to a project or to try their suggestion in a solution am working on.
  • Look ahead: Don’t just see the boring task in front of you, think of the long term benefit. The task in hand is one step closer to your goal. it will show that you can do well on things you don’t like that much and that is a success.
  • Stay positive: It’s all in the attitude.

The most important thing to do is just get started. Once you start keep on going, don’t stop. Build the momentum.

Once you are done, have a break then jump back on.

Assessing People

Another shared story by MG:

Fred and Mabel were both patients in a mental hospital. One day as they both walked beside the swimming pool, Mabel jumped into the deep end and sank to the bottom. Without a thought for his own safety, Fred jumped in after her, brought her to the surface, hauled her out, gave her the kiss of life and saved her.
 
The next day happened to be Fred’s annual review. He was brought before the hospital board, where the director told him, “Fred, I have some good news and some bad news: the good news is that in light of your heroic act yesterday we consider that you are sane and can be released from this home back into society.
The bad news is, I’m afraid, that Mabel, the patient you saved, shortly afterwards hung herself in the bathroom with the belt from her bathrobe. I’m sorry but she’s dead.”
 
“She didn’t hang herself,” Fred replied ,

“I put her there to dry.”

Things are not always what they seem!

Groupthink

One night while watching the news i came across the term "Groupthink" so thanks to some online research here's what i found / copy pasted / modified : Groupthink, a term coined by social psychologist Irving Janis (1972), occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of “mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment”. Groupthink affects groups who tend to take irrational actions and ignore alternative solutions. It occurs in groups where members come from similar background,when they are insulated fro outside opinions and when there are no clear rules for decision making.

Symptoms of Groupthink: In 1977 Irvin Janis has documented eight symptoms of groupthink:

  1. Illusion of invulnerability –Creates excessive optimism that encourages taking extreme risks.
  2. Collective rationalization – Members discount warnings and do not reconsider their assumptions.
  3. Belief in inherent morality – Members believe in the rightness of their cause and therefore ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their decisions.
  4. Stereotyped views of out-groups – Negative views of “enemy” make effective responses to conflict seem unnecessary.
  5. Direct pressure on dissenters – Members are under pressure not to express arguments against any of the group’s views.
  6. Self-censorship – Doubts and deviations from the perceived group consensus are not expressed.
  7. Illusion of unanimity – The majority view and judgments are assumed to be unanimous.
  8. Self-appointed ‘mindguards’ – Members protect the group and the leader from information that is problematic or contradictory to the group’s cohesiveness, view, and/or decisions.
Remedies for Groupthink: Decision experts have determined that groupthink may be prevented by adopting some of the following measures:
  1. The leader should assign the role of critical evaluator to each member
  2. The leader should avoid stating preferences and expectations at the outset
  3. Each member of the group should routinely discuss the groups' deliberations with a trusted associate and report back to the group on the associate's reactions
  4. One or more experts should be invited to each meeting on a staggered basis. The outside experts should be encouraged to challenge views of the members.
  5. At least one articulate and knowledgeable member should be given the role of devil's advocate (to question assumptions and plans)
  6. The leader should make sure that a sizable block of time is set aside to survey warning signals from rivals; leader and group construct alternative scenarios of rivals' intentions.
A classic examples of Groupthink are the space Shuttle Challenger Disaster (1986) and Bay of Pigs invasion (1959-1962). Can anyone think of other Groupthink examples?